The First Pregnancy

Pregnancy Fitness Myths

2009-05-19T08:24:00.000-07:00

By Kaleena A Lawless

It was not long ago that pregnant women were told to sit still and eat as much as they want throughout their pregnancy. Nowadays, the rules have completely changed thanks to modern medicine and women willing and wanting to stay fit through out their pregnancy.

Three Pregnancy Fitness Myths

1. You should not exercise.

This is absolutely untrue. Prenatal exercise has many positive benefits including sleeping better at night, less back ache and cramping, easier labour and maintaining weight. It is always best to consult with your doctor before starting a fitness program or even better, hire medically supervised personal trainers.

2. Eat For Two.

During your pregnancy you should be eating healthy, fresh foods and staying well hydrated. Eat what you want your baby to eat but you do not have to overdo it. Just listen to your body. Some women don't feel very hungry at all while others have a bigger appetite. Eat when your body tells you to and keep your proportions similar to pre-pregnancy.

3. You can't do crunches.

Performing crunches while you are pregnant strengthens the abdominals for a faster delivery and recovery time. The only variation required is 20 weeks after pregnancy when you should avoid laying on your back. This reduces oxygen to the baby. Instead you can do crunches seated and on your side.

Pregnancy is not the end of your prenatal body. It's the start of a new beginning and that includes what you do for your health and well-being. Whether you work out currently or not, exercise during pregnancy is a great thing to do for both Mom and baby.

Kaleena Lawless
Personal Training Specialist
http://www.kalisthenixfitnessblog.com

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What your baby looks like this week

2009-05-12T17:46:00.000-07:00

One Month

Your baby is an embryo consisting of two layers of cells from which all her organs and body parts will develop.

Two Months

Your baby is now about the size of a kidney bean and is constantly moving. He has distinct, slightly webbed fingers.

Three Months

By now your baby is about 3 inches long and weighs nearly an ounce. Her tiny, unique fingerprints are now in place.

Four Months

Your baby is now about 5 inches long and weighs 5 ounces. His skeleton is starting to harden from rubbery cartilage to bone.

Five Months

Eyebrows and eyelids are now in place. Your baby would now be more than 10 inches long if you stretched out her legs.

Six Months

Your baby weighs about a pound and a half. His wrinkled skin is starting to smooth out as he puts on baby fat.

Seven Months

By now, your baby weighs about 3 pounds and is more than 15 inches long. She can open and close her eyes and follow a light.

Eight Months

Your baby now weighs about 4 3/4 pounds. His layers of fat are filling him out, making him rounder, and his lungs are well developed.

Nine Months

The average baby is more than 19 inches long and weighs nearly 7 pounds now, but babies vary widely in size at this stage

Pregnancy - The First Signs

2009-04-19T08:22:00.000-07:00

By Jean Simmer

Pregnancy, whether it is expected or not, usually presents itself in many different ways. The first and most common sign of pregnancy is the missing of the menstruation. For women who have regular menstrual cycles, marking down her period can easily tell her when she is late. Many women, nowadays, will not even wait until their missed period and will do a pregnancy test before their missed period. Newest pregnancy tests are able to detect a pregnancy even before the missed period.

Pregnancy can also present itself by the typical morning sickness. Although these nauseas and vomiting have been described to be more of a morning problem, they can occur all day long. Women who are pregnant should rejoice when they are experiencing morning sickness as this can be a sign of good hormone levels in their body, telling them that their pregnancy is going well. For example, a stopped pregnancy is often accompanied by a lowering or even stopping of the morning sickness.

Some pregnant women will not feel any nausea throughout their pregnancy and that can be perfectly normal. For the other women experiencing nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, there are many helpful ways to control them and a pregnant woman should know that most nausea of pregnancy tend to settle after the 16th week of pregnancy.

Pregnancy can also present itself in the form of breast tenderness. It is normal that the pregnant woman's breast tissues by being stimulated by the pregnancy hormones will grow and experience tenderness. Such discomforts can be managed by wearing a supportive bra and will again settle with time.

Pregnancy can also present itself by a frequent need to urinate. The frequent need to urinate during pregnancy is caused by the new hormones and the pressure exerted on the bladder by the growing uterus.

Another frequent sign of a beginning gestation is the fact that the pregnant woman feels more tired than usual. She may experience the need to sleep more hours than usual or have lower energy throughout the day.

Once a woman suspects she is pregnant, she should write down the first day of her last menstrual period as this will be very important during her pregnancy. She should also do a confirmation pregnancy test and then contact her health care provider. For most women, the confirmation of a beginning pregnancy will be a very positive event in their life. If for a woman, the finding of a pregnancy is not a welcomed event, she should take the time to sit down with her spouse and consider all the involvement for them.

For more information and pregnancy and natural childbirth, please visit us at: http://www.babyyap.info and http://www.hypno-beginning.com/products.htm

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Vitamin C During Pregnancy Offsets Smoking Harm

2009-04-12T08:21:00.000-07:00

By Rebecca Prescott

Whilst most women are aware of the negative effects smoking whilst pregnant can have on their developing baby, many still cannot give up. The good news is that researchers believe that taking vitamin C can counteract some of these effects.

Smoking during pregnancy can lead to premature delivery of the baby, poor growth, and in some instances, is implicated in fetal deaths. It can also affect the way the infant's lungs develop, as nicotine can cross the placenta. As a result, babies may have less lung function and develop more respiratory illnesses.

But a group of researchers at the Oregon Health & Science University found that in baby monkeys given both nicotine and vitamin C, the flow of air in the lungs was close to normal. There were three groups of pregnant monkeys in the study - one group was given only nicotine, one given neither nicotine nor vitamin C, and one group given both. The nicotine given was comparable to that which a pregnant mother would smoke. The group given nothing acted as the control group.

Whilst this study was done on monkeys, the team behind the study believe that the results are very relevant to humans. But more work needs to be done to determine how much vitamin C is needed for smoking pregnant mothers to get similar benefits. And to ensure that higher amounts of vitamin C during pregnancy doesn't cause other unwanted effects.

The researchers did stress that despite the positive benefits of vitamin C during pregnancy, it did not counteract all of smoking's negative effects on the fetus. For example, lower body weight and nicotine's effect on brain development were still a potential issue.

Another benefit of taking vitamin C during pregnancy is that it may decrease the chance of their waters breaking too early. This is true for all women irrespective of whether they are smokers or not. This research was done by a team in Mexico at the National Institute of Perinatology, this time on humans. The women in this study were either given a placebo or 100mg of vitamin C per day. And the group who received the vitamin C had a lot less instances where their waters broke early. This meant less premature births with the associated risk of infections.

The women in the study received the vitamin C from the 20th week of pregnancy until they gave birth. Vitamin C helps maintain the collagen in the membranes that hold the amniotic fluid in place.

References:
1. nutraingredients-usa.com/news/ng.asp?id=59359
2. nutraingredients-usa.com/news/ng.asp?id=59843

If you'd like to learn more about the effects of vitamin C, including the different forms this supplement is available in, check out this article. And for herb pregnancy advice on which herbs to avoid and which can reduce the effects of morning sickness, see this article.

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The Effects of Pregnancy in Oral Health

2009-04-02T08:20:00.000-07:00

By Robert Melkonyan

Pregnancy can have different effects in the woman's overall health condition. Most pregnant women can notice some changes in the gums throughout pregnancy, including redness and bleeding of the gums when brushing the teeth. In addition, some women can experience severe bleeding and swelling. These changes are known pregnancy gingivitis that usually starts on the second month of the pregnancy. Pregnancy gingivitis tends to increase around eight month and may decrease after giving birth.

This condition is usual in the front area of the mouth. The symptoms of pregnancy gingivitis are the same with the common gingivitis but may have different causes. Progesterone level in the body during pregnancy can reach up to ten percent higher than the normal level, which can improve certain bacterial growth that results to gingivitis. In addition, during pregnancy, the immune system works differently, which can change the body's reaction to bacteria.

To be able to reduce pregnancy gingivitis effects, it is best to have a good oral hygiene. Brushing your teeth at least two times a day for two minutes is recommended. Make sure to floss every day as well. Antimicrobial mouthwash is advisable to prevent gum infection. Some doctors suggest that rinses that have no alcohol content are better though there is no proof that alcohol-based mouthwash may have bad effects on pregnancy.

During pregnancy, it is important to visit your dentist to check your oral health especially the condition of your gums. Pregnancy gingivitis can be treated using professional cleaning, which can be performed anytime in your pregnancy especially on the second trimester. However, advanced and aggressive treatments including periodontal surgery are not recommended until after giving birth.

Another effect of pregnancy in oral health is pregnancy granuloma or pyogenic granuloma, also known as pregnancy tumor. Two to ten percent of pregnant women may suffer from this condition, which is a growth in the gums. Though it is also called pregnancy tumor, it is not cancerous and dangerous. Pregnancy granuloma usually develops in the second trimester or pregnancy where red nodules that are commonly found in the upper gum line. However, red nodules can be found anywhere in the mouth as well. These nodules can easily bleed, which can form a crust or ulcer.

Pregnancy granuloma causes are still unknown but poor oral hygiene is usually a main factor. Blood vessel malformations, trauma, viruses and hormones can also be factors of the condition.

Tooth loss is also a common condition for pregnant women due to sever morning sickness or frequent vomiting, which can affect the enamel of the front teeth. It is necessary to contact your dentist if you are experiencing frequent vomiting to know different medications to prevent tooth erosion.

Dry mouth is also an effect of pregnancy. You can prevent dry mouth through drinking water and having hard cadies that are free from sugar or sugarless gum to help in the stimulation of the saliva.

On the other hand, excessive saliva can also be an effect or pregnancy though it is less common, which happens in the early stages of pregnancy. Excessive saliva may be connected to nausea. Women who are planning to get pregnant should visit a dentist for oral checkup and treatment. Gums and teeth needs special attention during pregnancy, so right nutrition and regular brushing is important.

To learn about the importance of periodontal examination and to understand how Pregnancy affects dental health, visit our website to get answers straight from qualified dentists at http://www.cosmeticdentistryguide.co.uk

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Dangerous Foods That Should Be Avoided During Pregnancy

2009-03-19T08:18:00.000-07:00

By Groshan Fabiola

Pregnancy is a natural condition and even though brings significant changes in women's life, it can be easily overcome by having a balanced lifestyle and support from the family. It is important to mention that a pregnant woman should be aware of her condition and should adopt a proper diet in order to mantain a good health for herself and for the baby. In addition to this, women should inform themselves regarding the foods that should present risks and should be avoided during the pregnancy and choose only the ones that aren't considered dangerous for the baby.

First of all, pregnant women should avoid undercooked meats because of their risk to be infested with harmful bacteria such as e.coli or salmonella. By eating undercooked meats, pregnant women may face serious dysfunctions like diarrhea or nausea and even more they can lead to other complications which may put the life of the baby in danger by causing miscarriage or preterm birth. Moreover this category of dangerous foods includes: deli meats, undercooked chicken, pork or read meat, sushi and raw seafood.

Secondly, another aliment which is not allowed in the diets for pregnant women are raw eggs. Due to their risk of carrying salmonella, raw eggs can cause food poisoning that may lead to severe diarrhea or sickness and even preterm labor. In order to avoid raw eggs, pregnant women should quit eating different foods such as eggnog, cookie batter, ceasar salad dressing and also homemade ice cream. Furthermore, other categories of dangerous foods during pregnancy are the unpasteurized food and beverages. Even though, milk is considered an healthy drinking because it provides calcium to the body, unpasteurized milk may consist a dangerous bacteria called listeria which is responsible for many illnesses every year. Foods which may contain listeria are: first of all raw milk, unpasteurized juice and also different kinds of cheeses.

Thirdly, even though many people consider that fish is an healthy food, the truth is that not all the fish is good for pregnancy. Moreover, fish is important for an healthy pregnancy by providing omega-3 fatty acids, on the other hand there are certain fish which have very high levels of methyl mercury. In addition to this methyl mercury is very dangerous for the unborn baby by causing serious neurological damages and also developmental problems. In the category of fish which contain high levels of methyl mercury are : the shark, the swordfish, the tilefish and king mackerel. Another category of dangerous fish is farm raised fish which contain polycarbonated biphenyls (PCBs), environmental toxins that may affect the health of the fetus.

Pregnant women should be quite careful when they choose their foods and drinks and they should always look on the labels in order to detect the substances that are considered dangerous for their pregnancy. A toxic substance which is found most of the times in soft drink and candies is aspartame, a chemical product that may lead to severe disease such as cancer. It is important to mention that alcohol during pregnancy may cause severe damages to the baby by preventing him from getting oxygen and nutrients and moreover heavy drinking may produce to the baby serious mental and physical dysfunctions.

For more inforamtion about teenage pregnancy please visit http://www.pregnancy-1st-guide.com/teenage-pregnancy.htm or http://www.pregnancy-1st-guide.com/

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Baby Clothing

2009-03-12T09:05:00.001-07:00

Summary By Victor Thomas

Babies are considered as a gift of God. Selection of baby clothing is boundless. Most of the parents find it very difficult as well as delicate to choose right clothes for their babies. There are various on-line shops for buying clothes for your babies.

Various considerations have to be remembered while you go for shopping.

Babies do not like their clothes being changed often. Choose clothes that are easy to change and simple to put on and remove.
Clothes that open in front will be easier to wear off.
Go for clothes with elastic waist bands and skirts or trousers therefore it will easy for you to adjust it.
Shoulder straps used clothes will be comfortable for both girl as well as boy baby.

Always prefer branded socks.

Pregnancy, Sex, and the Changes in Your Life

2009-03-12T08:17:00.000-07:00

By Tony C Edwards

Pregnancy is a wondrous time, but it can also leave you with many questions. Pregnancy is considered the greatest godsend in the life of a woman because it gives her the opportunity to procreate, to bring forth a being. Pregnancy is an exciting time and a great opportunity to learn about your child's growth and development. Whether this is your first baby or you are a bit more experienced, pregnancy is an exciting time of anticipation and wonder. Pregnancy is a nine-month marathon, and smart moms-to-be begin training well in advance.

Pregnancy

Pregnancy is the medical terminology for the state or condition when a female mammal carries one or more developing young ones inside her body (precisely the uterus).

It is typically broken into three periods, or trimesters, each consisting of about three months. Pregnancy is measured in trimesters from the first day of your last menstrual period (LMP), totaling 40 weeks. Accurate dating of pregnancy is important, because it is used in calculating the results of various prenatal tests (for example, in the triple test).

Sex

Sex during pregnancy is a low-risk behavior except when the physician advises that sexual intercourse be avoided, which may, in some pregnancies, lead to serious pregnancy complications or health issues such as a high-risk for premature labor or a ruptured uterus. Sex causes no problems during an uncomplicated pregnancy, and sexual interest often changes during different phases of a pregnancy. Research suggests that, during pregnancy, both sexual desire and frequency of sexual relations decrease. Most pregnant women can enjoy sexual intercourse throughout.

Changes

A number of changes will be observed in a pregnant woman's body at various stages of pregnancy. In the first four weeks, the uterus is usually enlarged and irregularly softened. The cervix (the opening of the uterus) becomes softer and bluish or purple reflecting the increased blood supply to the uterus. At six weeks, the uterus can sometimes be easily flexed at the markedly softened isthmus.

What kinds of emotional changes might I expect? What kinds of lifestyle changes should I be thinking of? Pregnancy makes it necessary to make changes in your daily activities and relationships. Fatigue is an early sign of pregnancy which is caused by hormonal changes.

Throughout your pregnancy, you may notice a number of mild to severe effects, including:

Constipation, due to hormonal changes that slow down the normal function of your bowels.
Mood swings, which can be caused by hormonal changes, extreme fatigue, or the stress of expecting a new baby.
Changes in breathing due to hormonal changes and to the pressure the growing baby is putting on the organs inside a woman's body.
The body's posture changes as the pregnancy progresses due to weight gain.
Normal symptoms you may experience during the second trimester of pregnancy include:

Breast changes. The swelling is caused by hormonal changes similar to those a woman may have before her periods.
Increasing heart output. Pounding heart rate or abnormal heartbeats sometimes due to the pressure various organs put on the heart as the baby grows.
Greater urine output.
These changes are caused by steroid hormones, lactogen and cortisol.

When pregnancy reaches term and childbirth becomes imminent, the mother experiences regular painful uterine contractions, which is generally accompanied by changes in her cervix (which undergoes dilation and effacement). Other changes can include stretch marks, itchiness, and other skin changes. Changes in the relationship with your partner are inevitable, as your focus shifts to your own and your future child's well being.

The choice you make regarding the outcome of your pregnancy is a personal decision. As many moms will tell you, pregnancy is a marathon and being physically fit will help you cope with the physical challenges of both pregnancy and childbirth. For free books, reports and info go here Preganacy and Prenatals.

Birth

2009-03-12T06:06:00.001-07:00

Executive Summary By Elizabeth Morgan

The birth of an infant is a wonderful process. By nature, the male organ ejects sperms and the female organ produces eggs. Normally, in women who haven’t reached menopause, ovaries release an egg once a month. This egg travels through the fallopian tube toward the uterus. When the male sperm reaches the egg in the fallopian tube, fertilization occurs. Pregnancy causes a number of changes in a woman’s body in the first trimester (0 to 12 weeks). Other symptoms include fatigue, nausea and vomiting and enlarging breasts. However, a woman having these symptoms isn’t necessarily pregnant. The surest way to confirm pregnancy is a pregnancy test.

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Pregnant

2009-03-12T05:46:00.001-07:00

Getting Pregnant
Executive Summary By Kent Pinkerton

Most women do not conceive on their first try. Women under 30 usually conceive after trying for 12 to 18 months. Statistics show that only 25% of women become pregnant after their first cycle. In most women, if the cycle is regular, ovulation period occurs between the 11th and 21st day of the cycle. High alcohol consumption can also cause infertility among men and women. It reduces the normal hormone production, which inhibits fertility. Recreational drugs like cocaine, marijuana, heroin, and barbiturates can also reduce the chances of getting pregnant.

Overweight or underweight women find it difficult to conceive. Severe stress and depression can also reduce your chances of getting pregnant.

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Pregnancy

2009-03-12T05:42:00.001-07:00

Pregnancy Info - Where to Get Questions Answered

Executive Summary By Amber Torija

Lets face it though, if you are or ever have been pregnant, you know that once the initial joy wears off the questions begin to flood in.

I am a mother of three beautiful children and all of my pregnancies were as different as the children that they produced. I have many "first time mom" friends and since I have been through it three times they consider me a savant on the subject of pregnancy. My husband laughs at the library of pregnancy books that I have stacked in the house. Being pregnant goes in stages of emotions. Once I reached the latter stages of pregnancy I worried about how I would take care of this new precious gift. Some would refer this to being the "nesting" phase of pregnancy.

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Pregnancy Supplements To Avoid For A Healthy Birth

2009-03-05T07:16:00.000-08:00

Prenatal vitamins are an important source of folate and other vital nutrients during pregnancy. And many women, with the popularity of herbal medicine, take other herbs during pregnancy. Some of these herbs they may have been taking before, for an existing condition. Others, they may take to help cope with some of the physical difficulties that go with pregnancy. The following supplements and food additives should be avoided during pregnancy to avoid potential problems with the health of the baby.

Quinine - Quinine is found in many drinks like tonic water, and these are popular as a result of their slightly bitter taste. But it was found that one woman who drunk more than 1 liter of tonic water a day whilst she was pregnant had a baby that was suffering withdrawal symptoms when it was born. It had nervous tremors within a day of being born, which disappeared two months later. Germany's BfR (Federal Institute for Risk Assessment) recommends that pregnant women treat quinine drinks, no matter how small the amount of quinine in them, as a medicinal product, and avoid them as a precaution during pregnancy.
Ginseng - One of the more than 20 active constituents of ginseng was found by researchers at the Chinese University of the Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital to be a possible cause for concern for pregnant women. These researchers were measuring the effect of this active principle on fetal development in rats. And they found that, relating to the dose, rat embryonic development was affected. Higher doses meant a higher level of abnormalities, according to the markers of development their study used.
Now, this study was one done on rat embryos, and so may not translate into similar effects on humans. And it only studied the effects of one of ginseng's active constituents, which was a ginsenoside called Rb1. Ginseng actually has over 20 ginsenosides, and other studies have found that these each have different actions.

One of the difficulties with studying active constituents in herbal medicine is that the whole herbal extract may have a very different overall effect than a single constituent. This is because of the way active principles both work together and counteract each other. These two aspects, the fact that the study was not done on humans, and does not measure the overall effect of the whole ginseng extract, mean that its results should be treated cautiously. As a safety precaution, at this time it is best to at least avoid ginseng supplements during the first trimester, as the authors of the study suggest, and probably for the whole of the pregnancy. But ginseng should certainly not be branded dangerous as a result of this research as it is only a very preliminary finding in the overall picture, and more points the way as to where further research needs to be done.

Ginkgo Biloba - Ginkgo biloba is another supplement that is best avoided whilst pregnant. Researchers at Wayne State University in Detroit found one of the constituents of ginkgo biloba in the placenta of women who had taken ginkgo supplements. This particular constituent, an alkaloid called colchicine, can be fatal in high doses, though medicinally, it has great anti-inflammatory effects. Other research has found that cochicine can harm a growing fetus. The potential problem with taking ginkgo supplements regularly whilst pregnant is that colchicine can build up in the womb, like caffeine when taken in excess of the recommended maximum amounts. The researchers did stress that there was no link established in the study between ginkgo and complications in the pregnancy, the study only looked at levels of colchicine in the womb.

40 Weeks Of Pregnancy Information - An Overview In The Form Of A Week By Week Guide

2009-02-28T08:04:00.000-08:00

Week by week pregnancy information is necessary and such information helps the would-be mothers and her partner to cope with this exciting period of their life. There are many anxieties and issues a would-be mother confronts during the pregnancy cycle and a few weeks beyond that. If the women have week by week information related to all aspects of pregnancy, the pregnant woman and her family is aware about the various physical and emotional changes that are expected during the stipulated time frame.

Pregnancy Calculator Week By Week

The pregnancy calculation, for the above-mentioned purposes, is done such that the pregnancy weeks are counted from the first day of LMP i.e. the Last Menstrual Period. Therefore, as per this calculation procedure, in the first two weeks of pregnancy, there actually is no pregnancy. The eggs do not fertilize till about two weeks and the baby is therefore actually expected within 38 weeks of fertilization.

Stages Of Pregnancy

The 40 weeks of pregnancy are divided into three stages viz., first trimester pregnancy, second trimester pregnancy and third trimester pregnancy. The first trimester includes weeks 1 to 12, the second section includes weeks 13 to 26 and the last trimester stretches form week 27 to the day of delivery, which is approximately around week 40. The maximum a pregnancy period could stretch is week 42.

All 3 sections of the pregnancy wheel are divided keeping in view the specific characteristics shared by the weeks. The first few weeks, for example are considered as extremely sensitive and therefore are marked as high-risk weeks. The second trimester charts out the baby’s development in a spectacular way. The third trimester, besides continuing to provide information about the baby’s development, also prominently includes the drastic changes the mother’s body undergoes in an attempt to prepare for final pregnancy delivery.

Expected Pregnancy Due Date

There is no precise pregnancy calculator that can perhaps chart out the exact pregnancy due date. All that pregnancy due date calculators can do is possibly generate an expected date of delivery and in only very few instances is this pregnancy due date correct. There are various circumstantial factors affecting pregnancy birth and even the most learned of health care practitioners would not predict any specific date.

The Overall Structure Of Weekly Pregnancy Information

The ideal week-by-week pregnancy information or guide should cover the entire 40 weeks and each week should enumerate the minutest development the baby undergoes. The information further should include the changes mothers experience and the way their body transforms to give birth to a newborn. The 40 weeks of pregnancy further touch upon various pregnancy and childbirth related issues like, what kind of maternity clothes to buy, pregnancy exercise, baby shower favors, early pregnancy symptoms, how to get rid of stretch marks, etc. Concisely a good week-by-week pregnancy guide should encapsulate all that your pregnancy puts you through.

Pregnancy week-by-week information or guide empowers expectant mother with all the information they need to cruse through their pregnancy period and take care of the pregnancy health. Read more articles related to weekly development of baby on Pregnancy-WeekByWeek.Info

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Green Tea Side Effects During Pregnancy

2009-02-26T07:15:00.000-08:00

Pregnant women would be wise to limit the amount of green tea they drink during pregnancy, and should be careful about taking any green tea supplements. Green tea is rich in antioxidants, and has a host of health benefits relating to dental health, blood sugar levels, cholesterol, and weight loss. But researchers have found, whilst examining the active constituent of green tea, the epigallocatechins, or EGCG for short, that it may affect the way the body uses folate. Folate is important for pregnant women as it prevents neural tube birth defects in babies.

The problem of green tea during pregnancy is that the EGCG molecules are structurally similar to a compound called methotrexate. Methotrexate is able to kill cancer cells by chemically bonding with an enzyme in the body called enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). Healthy people have this enzyme also - it is part of what is called the folate pathway, which is the pathway, or steps, the body takes to transform nutrients like folate into something that can be used to support its normal functions.

But this chemical similarity means that the EGCG in green tea also binds with the enzyme DHFR, and when it does this, it inactivates this enzyme. When this enzyme is inactivated, the ability of the body to use folate is going to be affected. How much green tea is able to be consumed, or precisely how much folate absorption is affected, is unclear. Though the research article did say that drinking 2 cups of green tea a day can stop cancer cells (which is what methotrexate is targeting) from growing.

The good news on caffeine drank during pregnancy, from coffee and tea, is that a moderate amount is fine. Two studies, one by Danish scientists who interviewed more than 88,000 pregnant women, and the other by the Yale University School of Medicine, had similar findings on caffeine during pregnancy.

The concerns over caffeine were that it would lead to low birth weight or miscarriage. And this is still true of a very high daily intake of coffee. The Yale team found that drinking about 600mg of caffeine a day, which is about 6 cups of coffee, would reduce birth weight to levels that were clinically significant. The rate at which birth weight was reduced was established at being 28 grams per 100 mg, or 1 cup, of coffee per day. But they emphasized that this would not be significant for moderate caffeine consumption.

The Danish study found that drinking 8 cups or more of coffee per day (this would be about 16 cups or more of tea), would increase the chances of miscarriage, or stillbirth, by 60% compared to women who did not drink caffeine. They also found that moderate coffee or tea drinking did not pose significant risks. For those drinking half a cup to 3 cups of coffee a day, the risk of fetal death was 3% higher compared to non-caffeine drinkers. And for those drinking 4 to 7 cups of coffee a day, the risk increases to 33%. One cup of coffee equals about 2 cups of tea when comparing caffeine levels. The recommended amount of coffee drunk is up to 3 cups daily, or 6 cups of tea, by the UK food agency.

5 Tips For Exercising Safely During Your Pregnancy

2009-02-19T07:09:00.000-08:00

Pregnant women are required to perform some kind of low bearing exercise during their pregnancy to ensure that their muscles are ready for the stresses of labor. If you exercised regularly prior to becoming pregnant, and are already in good shape, then you only need to maintain it. Check with your medical provider that the kind of exercise program you follow is safe for the baby and continue it as long as you can. Below are some general tips to keep in mind:

1. Change In Your Exercise Routine Is Necessary

Especially during the first and third trimesters, you will need to cut back on any heavy load bearing exercises such as weightlifting. You will need to switch to low impact exercises such as aqua-aerobics, yoga or pilates. Another option is to contact a qualified doctor or fitness trainer, preferably a fitness trainer that is experienced working with pregnant women.

2. Safe Pregnancy Exercises

- Yoga
- Pilates
- Aqua- Aerobics
- Other exercises that strengthen the back
- Stomach and abdominal exercises

3. Reduce Back Pain

Stretching can help to ease the pains that come with carrying the extra weight on your body, and the relaxation exercises will be invaluable when it comes to labor. Yoga is one exercise program that will give you an edge on labor, especially if you can master the breathing techniques. Swimming is also a perfect form of pregnancy exercise. You should avoid exercises that have as their intent muscular toning and building. When pregnant, it’s important that the body is kept at a good level of fitness, but it’s equally important not to undertake pregnancy exercise to an extreme.

4. Weight Management

Exercising while pregnant helps you manage your weight in two ways. First it enables you to burn more calories, this counters any tenancies to overeat while pregnant. Secondly it helps you get into the habit of exercising. If you start a regular exercise routine while you’re pregnant you’ll be able to continue it after you have your baby and easily drop your baby fat.

5. Mood Swings and Stress

Did you know that exercising in general helps to offset mood swings and alleviate stress? We all know mood swings are a common symptom of pregnancy… and pregnancy can definitely be stressful for some women. It’s been documented in many studies that woman (and men) who exercise regularly are in a better place emotionally and report less stress in their lives and low as opposed to people who do not exercise regularly.

Pregnancy, fish oil and smarter babies

2009-02-15T09:00:00.000-08:00

By David McEvoy

According to a recent study which was published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood' in 2006, babies born to women who took fish oil supplements during the last 4 months of pregnancy had better hand to eye coordination, were better speakers and could understand more at the age of two and a half, than babies born to mothers who were given olive oil instead.

The Study

The double blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial was conducted by the University of Western Australia and led by Professor Susan Prescott. Also involved in the study were King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children and Telethon Institute for Child Health Research and Centre for Child Health Research Australia.

A total of 98 women were initially enrolled in the study, all of who were non smokers and who did not regularly consume more than 2 portions of oily fish a week. A total of eighty three of these women completed the study. Researchers gave half of the women in the trial 4gr of fish oil supplements on a daily basis from twenty weeks of pregnancy and these supplements contained a combination of both Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The remainder of the women were given 4gr of Olive Oil. Development checks were carried out on a total of 72 of the babies when they had reached the age of two and a half years.

The children whose mothers received fish oil had a significantly higher score for eye-hand coordination than the babies whose mothers had been given olive oil instead. The growth rates were similar in both groups, as were the general language skills, however, the fish oil group showed higher scores for receptive language, phrase length and vocabulary. The positive results were not related to possibly influential factors such as maternal age and length of time breastfeeding as these factors had already been accounted for.

Fatty acids and the brain

The link between Omega 3 fatty acids and the brain has already been well established and many studies have now shown that fish oil can alleviate the symptoms or help to prevent the onset of several types of depressive disorders, including post natal depression. EPA in particular is believed to improve concentration and memory and cognitive function in general, and some studies have shown it can even help to prevent or slow down the progress of Alzheimer's disease.

It is during the last three months of pregnancy that the baby's brain is developing very rapidly and so this is a time when it is particularly vital that the mother gets enough of the essential Omega 3 fatty acids that are only found in any significant quantities in oily fish such as Salmon, Tuna, Mackerel, Herring and Anchovies. These fatty acids facilitate healthy structure and development of the brain and many professionals now believe it is DHA that is important for the structure of the brain and EPA for efficient functioning of the brain on a day to day basis.

Scientists at The University of Bristol in the UK are currently investigating the benefits of giving fish oil to children, as much of the evidence to date has come from dietary factors during pregnancy. For example, previous research by Bristol University found that children whose mothers ate fish regularly during pregnancy had better vision and cognitive development and behaviour than those whose mothers ate little or no fish.

So why don't we just eat more fish?

Due to the potentially high levels of toxins, particularly mercury, in fresh fish, the current recommendation is for pregnant women and women and girls who might have a baby one day in the future to eat no more than 2 portions of fish a week, one of which should be oily, and no more than 4 portions of fish for everyone else, no more than two of which should be oily.

The indications are that Pharmaceutical grade fish oil might be an option for everyone, including during pregnancy and beyond. Indeed, this type of fish oil is superior to standard grade fish oils and is becoming increasingly popular because the processes involved in producing it means the oil has been filtered and concentrated to contain high levels of the all important fatty acids without the danger of toxins associated with fresh fish.

Conclusion

The Australian study would appear to suggest that there are no adverse effects for mother or baby from taking relatively high doses of fish oil in late pregnancy. Not only can it have a beneficial effect on baby's cognitive development and reduce the risk of developing post natal depression, there are also numerous other health benefits associated with taking fish oil. However, if you are pregnant or trying to conceive and would like to consider the option of taking fish oil supplements, it is important that you discuss the implications with your doctor or other health care provider first.

Visit : http://fisho-il.blogspot.com/2008/12/pregnancy-fish-oil-and-smarter-babies.html

Pregnancy Stages - An Essential Guide to Pregnant Mothers

2009-02-12T07:51:00.000-08:00

By Juzaily Ramli

This is a basic guide to pregnancy which covers issues like the different stages to pregnancy and what usually takes place when a woman is pregnant. It is important to note that not all pregnancies progress in the same way, however this guide will be helpful to first time mothers and the men in their lives as it provides very basic information on what to expect during a normal pregnancy.

In a way, being prepared would help them avoid unwanted miscarriage from happening. It is important for a pregnant woman to receive good prenatal care throughout the various stages of pregnancy. Also, a good relationship with the doctor will be very helpful for both the expecting parents as the doctor will be able to explain and offer advice that are crucial for each stage of pregnancy.

The first thing that every expectant woman should know is that a normal pregnancy takes up to 40 weeks. This period is divided into three sections called trimesters, in which each trimester lasts about 13 weeks. Therefore each pregnancy goes through the first trimester, second trimester and third trimester. The development of the fetus in the pregnant woman is normally discussed according to the different trimesters.

In the first trimester of pregnancy, the changes can be very subtle and most times are not associated with being pregnant. One change that affects many women is the nausea and morning sickness or vomiting. However, in most cases, a woman might not associate the vomiting to being pregnant, more to being ill. Even though it is termed as morning sickness, it can be experienced at any time throughout the day.

Morning sickness is the result of changes in the woman's hormones. As the hormones change in a woman's body, it results in the feeling of nausea and morning sickness. Also, after the first month, the fetus in the pregnant woman starts to produce hormones. This surge in hormones will also add to the nausea and vomiting.

Not only that, the fluctuating hormones can cause some pregnant women to experience food cravings as well as irritability or unexpected and unpredictable mood swings. However it is good to know that the unpredictable mood swings will not last long. They will become less frequent after the end of the first trimester.

During the second trimester, a pregnant woman would have adapted to the various changes that has taken place in her body. At this stage the body has adjusted to the presence of a growing fetus. During this second trimester also, the fetus would have developed its own organs and has features which could already be identified.

The pregnant mother will also go through a noticeable weight gain. This is a natural progression, however, it should not be too abrupt more so for a first pregnancy. A weight gain that is too much too fast could indicate multiple births. On the other hand it could also be an indication of problems with the fetus or the expectant mother.

The fetus will have developed all of its own organs, most of them functional during the third trimester of a pregnancy. Most times, the fetus is delivered when the woman has gone through 38 to 40 weeks of pregnancy. However, should a fetus need to be delivered before that, it could survive on its own with medical assistance. This premature birth could occur from the 30th week.

It is during this last trimester that the pregnant woman will feel most uncomfortable. The expectant mother will be carrying the growing fetus in her, with the fetus applying pressure to the mother's internal organs. This pressure could make the mother feel the need to urinate more often and could also cause back aches. The mother will also find it too uncomfortable to be able to get a good night's sleep, which could add to her discomfort and fatigue.

This basic guide offers information on the major stages and development of the normal pregnancy. To get more detailed information, it is advisable for both parents to seek guidance from the local physician or obstetrician and gynecologist. Once the expecting parents are armed with information, it will be easier to recognize and understand the various stages of a pregnancy.

Juzaily Ramli is the owner of Pregnancy Website. Find out why it is so important to be prepared for your pregnancy at an early stage at Pregnancy Stages.

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10 Steps to Getting Healthy Before Pregnancy

2009-02-12T07:02:00.000-08:00

What you do before pregnancy can help you and your baby have a healthy pregnancy.
1. Take folic acid. Take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid every day. Taking folic acid before and during early pregnancy can help your baby’s brain and spinal cord develop properly. Look on the label of the vitamin bottle to see if it contains the necessary amount of folic acid.
Eat a healthy diet that includes foods that contain folate, the natural form of the vitamin. Such foods include fortified breads and breakfast cereals, beans, leafy green vegetables and orange juice.
2. Get a checkup before pregnancy. Preconception care is medical care you get before you're pregnant. The goal is to evaluate your health and identify health and lifestyle risks that may affect your pregnancy.
One of the most important steps you can take to have a healthy pregnancy is to see your health care provider before you conceive. Your provider can help you be as healthy as possible before and during your pregnancy. Ideally, you should see the provider who will take care of you during your pregnancy, although you also can vist you primary care provider.
Don't forget about dental health! See your dentist before you get pregnant. If there's any chance you may be pregnant, tell you dentist and wait until after the baby is born to have dental x-rays.
3. Eat right and maintain a healthy weight. You’ll feel better and start your pregnancy off right if you eat a variety of nutritious foods every day. Avoid foods high in fat and sugar. Eat foods from each of the five food groups: fruits, vegetables, proteins (like chicken, fish and dried beans), grains, and milk products.
Cut back on caffeine. Limit the coffee you drink to no more than one 12-ounce cup of coffee each day. Remember, the amount of caffeine in coffee varies, depending upon the type of coffee, how it is prepared, and the amount of coffee used. Caffeine can also be found in soft drinks, medications and other foods. Try coffees and teas that are decaffeinated, or drink water, milk or juice. Be sure to read labels on food, drinks and medicine to know how much caffeine you're getting.
For more information about eating right, read the March of Dimes fact sheet about food-borne illness and pregnancy.
Try to get to a healthy weight before you get pregnant. If you're underweight (weigh too little), it may be easier to get pregnant if you get to a healthier weight. If you're overweight (weigh too much), try to lose weight before you get pregnant. Check with your health care provider if you're unsure what your ideal weight is. It's not safe to try to lose weight once you're pregnant.
4. Stop smoking and avoid secondhand smoke. Smoking may make it harder for you to get pregnant. If you smoke while you're pregnant, your baby is at greater risk for being born prematurely or too small. Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of pregnancy complications and SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome). The best time to stop smoking is before you get pregnant. If you need help, ask your health care provider for advice. Smoke from other people’s cigarettes can also be harmful. Try to avoid secondhand smoke, too.

To get help for quitting, see the March of Dimes fact sheet about smoking during pregnancy.
5. Stop drinking alcohol. Drinking alcohol (beer, liquor, wine and wine coolers) can make it harder for you to get pregnant. Drinking alcohol before or during pregnancy can cause your baby to have conditions that can create lifelong problems like:

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), a combination of physical and mental defects
Low birthweight
Heart defects, growth problems and problems with brain development

If you need help to stop drinking, ask your health care provider.
6. Don’t use illegal drugs. Taking illegal or "street drugs" during pregnancy is risky for mother and baby. Women who use cocaine are at higher risk of miscarriage and preterm labor. Babies exposed to heroin are likely to be born addicted. Babies exposed to illegal drugs also are more likely to have learning or behavioral problems later in life. Women who use methamphetamines or marijuana may have babies that are too small. If you need help to stop, ask your health care provider.
7. Avoid infections. Some infections can harm a developing baby. Wash your hands well with soap and water after using the bathroom, blowing your nose or touching soil. Avoid potentially unsafe foods such as raw meat and fish and unpasteurized milk products.Wash all fruits and vegetables well. If you have a cat, ask someone else to change the litter box. Stay away from rodents, including pet mice, hamsters and guinea pigs.
Find out if you have a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Without treatment, these infections pose special risks for pregnant women and their babies. At a preconception visit, ask your provider about screening tests for HIV or other STIs. To avoid STIs, have sex with only one person who doesn't have any other sex partners and who doesn't have an STI.
8. Limit exposure to hazards. Avoid hazardous chemicals, like cleaning supplies and insect killers. Stay away from strong-smelling cleansers, chemicals and paint. You may reduce your risk by wearing rubber gloves and working in a well-ventilated area. If your water pipes are old, you may want to have them tested for lead or or drink filtered or bottled water. Ask your health care provider for advice about hazardous substances and chemicals.
9. Learn about genetics. Your health care provider will take your health history and ask about the health of members of your family. Based on this information, your doctor or nurse may recommend that you see a genetic counselor to learn about your risk of having a baby with a birth defect. For more information, see the Birth Defects and Genetics section of this Web site.
10. Avoid stress and get fit. Too much stress may be harmful for you and your baby. High levels of stress may increase the risk of preterm labor and low birthweight. Start reducing stress now. Identify causes of stress and try to reduce them. Ask partners, family and friends for emotional stupport. Or get professional help. Use relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing. Call a hotline or ask your health care provider or another trusted person for help if you're in a relationship where you're in danger of being harmed. This could be verbal or physical abuse.
Exercise regularly and get fit. Exercising for 30 minutes on all or most days of the week is a good way to help maintain or lose weight, build fitness and reduce stress. If you aren't already exercising, now is a good time to start. Talk to your health care provider about fitness activities that are right for you. Some good choices before and during pregnancy include walking, swimming and yoga.
Don’t forget to help Dad get healthy, too! To improve your chances of getting pregnant, it’s important for your partner to take care of himself, exercise, eat right and stop smoking, drinking or taking illegal drugs.

Pregnancy Stages - What To Expect

2009-01-26T07:47:00.000-08:00

By Judy Wellsworth

Pregnancy is traditionally divided into three stages which last about 13 weeks each. Different events characterize these three stages and women must be well informed about what's going through their bodies all throughout these stages.

1st Trimester: Conception to 12th week

This is the first stage and unquestionably the time when you are most fragile. This is when the baby begins to grow and starts developing its body parts and vital organs. It is also when most miscarriages and spontaneous abortions occur.

It is important to have a checkup as early as possible, once you suspect that you are pregnant. Knowing that you are indeed carrying a baby inside you will motivate you to become more cautious of the substances that you eat or drink.

Alcohol and caffeine, for instance, should be avoided. You must also begin to take prenatal vitamins at this stage because the fetus needs certain vitamins and minerals at this crucial stage of development. Deficiencies in these important nutrients may lead to untreatable congenital defects.

This is the pregnancy stage when you could possibly experience nausea and vomiting, also known as "morning sickness." You will also find yourself looking for strange foods or having a ravenous appetite.

The cause of these cravings is unknown, although some researcher's say that it is our body's way of making us take in substances that we need during our pregnancy.

2nd Trimester: 13th to 28th week

This is perhaps the most relaxing of all three pregnancy stages, because it is when your morning sickness would have subsided and when you have already adjusted to the idea of a growing baby inside you. During this pregnancy stage, you will first experience the phenomenon known as the "quickening," or the first faint baby movements.

At the start of this pregnancy stage, your baby is already about 3-4 inches long and its facial features are already in place. Its eyebrows and hair begin to grow, its circulatory system and its urinary tract start to function, and its lungs begin to exhale amniotic fluid.

3rd Trimester: 29th to 40th week

You have finally reached the last stage of your pregnancy, and what an accomplishment you've made! At this pregnancy stage, you must be psyched enough about the arrival of your baby and already pumped up about purchasing baby products and preparing the nursery.

At the beginning of this pregnancy stage, your baby is almost a foot long and should weigh between 2 and 3 pounds. During this time, its body undergoes so many changes. It is said that the fetus is now able to discern between light and dark and can now blink or shut its eyes. By week 33, you're already gaining about a pound a week. For the next 7 weeks, the baby itself will begin to gain more than half its birthweight.

By week 36, your uterus would have expanded to a thousand times its original volume, and it now reaches the base of your rib cage. Week 37 sees you in full term. Expect that your baby could be born any time around this period.

The different pregnancy stages feature various stages in your life as well as the baby's. What's important is that all throughout your pregnancy, you should aim to keep a healthy lifestyle - observe a balanced diet, get some rest whenever you need it, and keep a journal of all the wonderful and not-so-wonderful experiences that you're going through.

You can also find more info on pregnancy development and pregnancy tests. Pregnancyhelpblog.com is a comprehensive resource to know more about pregnancy.

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Pregnancy Stages - Your Baby's Journey

2009-01-05T07:45:00.000-08:00

By Terry Ross

Pregnancy Stages Month One from the moment your egg is fertilized your babys genetic blueprint is set. Following fertilization the egg turns into a ball of cells and implants itself into the wall of the womb. It starts to grow, becoming no bigger than a grain of rice before it starts to grow a heart and a spinal cord.

Pregnancy Stages Month Two The baby starts to take more of a human form, the head grows, facial features start to form, hands and feet start to develop and its muscles begin to grow. By the end of the second month a heartbeat can be picked up by ultrasound. By week eight the fetus is about 2.5cm long, 10,000 times bigger than at the point of conception.

Pregnancy Stages Month Three In the third month toes and fingers appear, sex organs start to develop and by the end of the month all the vital organs are formed and the baby officially becomes known as a fetus. By week 12 your baby should weigh around 14g and be around 8cm long. Beyond 12 weeks the baby becomes less susceptible to infection and the risk of miscarriage is greatly reduced.

Pregnancy Stages Month Four During the forth month the baby continues to grow, toe and fingernails appear and fine hair appears all over the body. Your little miracle should now be able to curl their fingers and toes and suck their thumb.

Pregnancy Stages Month Five Hair, eyelashes and eyebrows grow and the babys senses start to develop. The baby continues to grow to approximately 13cm and a creamy white substance is produced to coat the body and protect the babys skin.

Pregnancy Stages Month Six The babys growth slows down, he starts to have more control over his movements and his digestive and immune systems and lungs start to mature.

Pregnancy Stages Month Seven All major organs accept the lungs are functioning, cells mature and the brain develops. A baby born in the seventh month has a good chance of survival.

Pregnancy Stages Month Eight The baby can open and close his eyes and develops a sense of taste. He may settle in position for birth and looks very much like a newborn.

Pregnancy Stages Month Nine The baby is now fully formed and growing. The baby develops a thick layer of subcutaneous fat and can gain up to 225g per week. In the last month the babys head will usually engage into the pelvis in readiness for birth. Less than 10% of babies arrive on their due date with around 85% arriving in the first two weeks of month ten.

For more on pregnancy visit 1st-4-baby.com

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The Third Trimester

2008-12-29T08:04:00.000-08:00

Changes in Your Body

Some of the same discomforts you had in your second trimester will continue. Plus, many women find breathing even more difficult and notice they have to go to the bathroom even more often. This is because the baby is getting bigger and it is putting more pressure on your organs. Don't worry, your baby is fine and these problems will lessen once you give birth.

The following aches and pains often appear for the first time during the third trimester:

Heartburn
Swelling of the ankles, fingers, and face. If you notice any sudden or extreme swelling or if you gain a lot of weight really quickly, call your doctor right away. This could be a sign of preeclampsia or toxemia.
Hemorrhoids
Tender Breasts
Trouble Sleeping

As you near your due date, your cervix becomes thinner and softer (called effacing). This is a normal, natural process that helps the birth canal (vagina) to open during the birthing process. Your doctor can check your progress with a vaginal exam.

Weight Gain

Everyone gains weight at different rates. On average, it is normal to gain about one pound per week, or three to four pounds per month, during the third trimester. By the end of your pregnancy you should have gained, on average, about 25 to 30 pounds. About 7 1/2 pounds of that weight should be the baby.

Changes in Your Baby

Your baby is still growing and moving, but now it has less room in your uterus. Because of this, you might not feel the kicks and movements as much as you did in the second trimester. During this final stage of your pregnancy, your baby is continuing to grow. Even before your baby is born it will be able to open and close its eyes and might even suck its thumb.

As your body prepares for birth, the baby will start to move into its birth position. You might notice the baby "dropping," or moving down lower in your abdomen. This can reduce the pressure on your lungs and rib cage, making it easier to breathe.

At birth, the average baby is 20 to 22 inches long and weighs 7 1/2 pounds. But newborns who weigh between 5 pounds, 11 1/2 ounces and 8 pounds, 5 3/4 ounces are considered healthy.

Sleeping in the 3rd Trimester

Your energy may lessen as you enter the ninth month. So you may begin to slow down. This is normal. It's important to get enough rest now, even though it can be more difficult to sleep as you get larger. The baby's movements, bathroom runs, and an increase in your body's metabolism can make sleeping difficult.

Try these tips for sleeping in the last three months of pregnancy:

avoid eating large meals three hours before going to bed
do mild exercise like walking
avoid taking long naps during the day
talk with your partner, friends, doctor or midwife to relieve stress

Doctors Visits

Be sure to continue seeing your doctor or midwife regularly. In the last trimester of pregnancy, women usually see their doctors or midwives more frequently. From 30 weeks to 38 weeks of pregnancy, most doctors and midwives recommend one office visit every two weeks. After 38 weeks, women normally see their doctor or midwife every week until delivery.

As your due date approaches, ask questions and share concerns you have about labor and delivery. You and your doctor will discuss what kind of delivery you will have. Some women need to have a cesarean section (c-section). During a c-section a surgical cut is made in the abdomen and uterus to remove the baby.

If you plan on a non-surgical, vaginal birth, you should talk to your doctor about the pros and cons of pain relief. Some women opt for pain medicines and others want to deliver naturally, without medicine. Many women find childbirth classes very helpful, even if they have already had a baby. Women often bring their partners or a friend or relative to childbirth classes, particularly if this person will be with them during the birth of their baby.

Inducing Labor

Did you know that only five percent of babies are born on their due dates? So being pregnant after your due date is normal and common. And it does not mean anything is wrong. But sometimes the doctor has concerns about the baby's and/or your health. In these cases, the doctor recommends inducing labor. Inducing labor means that your doctor will start your labor through artificial means. Most doctors will wait one to two weeks after a woman's due date before considering inducing.

Some reasons why doctors induce labor include:

The mother has a chronic illness like high blood pressure or diabetes that threatens the health of the baby.
The baby is not growing normally.
A woman's "water breaks" which means the membranes that surround the fetus rupture but contractions don't start within a safe amount of time.

Most doctors induce labor in the hospital to ensure the health of the mother and baby. There are many ways to start contractions. Doctors can rupture the membranes (break the water) surrounding the fetus. They can also insert a suppository containing a hormone into the vagina. Most often, doctors use a medicine called Pitocin to induce labor. Pitocin is a hormone that causes contractions. Women in the hospital receive Pitocin through a vein in the arm or hand.

Deciding to Breastfeed or Bottle-Feed

If you haven't thought about whether you will breastfeed or bottle-feed your baby, it is time to start. You should learn more about both options and make a decision about what you plan to do. Breastfeeding is much better than formula-feeding for your baby's health and your own.

Find out all the facts about breastfeeding. Talk to your doctor or a pediatrician about breastfeeding. Then make the decision that is right for you. Visit our breastfeeding center to learn more about the benefits, to find out how to make it work best for you, and to get tips on breastfeeding while working.

When to Call Your Doctor

Before your due date, make sure to talk with your doctor about how to reach him or her if you go into labor. It's also helpful to be familiar with the hospital or birthing center, where you should park, and where to check in ahead of time. Know that sometimes you can think you're in labor, but really are not (called false labor). This happens to many women, so don't feel embarrassed if you go to the hospital certain that you are in labor, only to be sent home! It's always better to be seen by a doctor as soon as possible once labor has begun. Here are the signs of true labor:

Signs of Labor

Contractions at regular and increasingly shorter intervals that also become stronger in intensity.
Lower back pain that doesn't go away. You might also feel premenstrual and crampy.
Your water breaks (can be a large gush or a continuous trickle) and you have contractions.
A bloody (brownish or blood-tinged) mucous discharge. This is the mucous plug that blocks the cervix. Labor could be at any time, or days away.
Your cervix is dilating (opening up) and becoming thinner and softer (also called effacement). During a pelvic exam, your doctor will be able to tell if these things are happening.

Pregnancy Stages - Learn About Various Stages Of Pregnancy

2008-12-29T07:44:00.000-08:00

By Abhishek Agarwal

The news about a positive pregnancy is received with mixed feelings, not only by the expectant mother but also by all the other adults in the household! This is but natural since the arrival of the "bundle of joy" is bound to affect the lives of all those connected with it, in some way or the other, be it the mother-to-be (especially if it is her first child), the father-to-be, grandparents, other relatives, close friends, etc. Everyone's thoughts now center round the stages of pregnancy and what changes to expect in the next few months till the actual birth of the baby.

As far as the expectant mother is concerned, her next step involves a visit to her family physician who will counsel her regarding health and nutrition and so on. The doctor may even send her to a qualified expert to undergo certain tests and examinations. The expert is able to provide better guidance and education concerning the different stages of pregnancy.

For the other members of the household, it is a different situation altogether. If the women have undergone pregnancies themselves or at least come in contact with other pregnant women, they generally know what to expect in the succeeding months following the conception. The others are totally in the dark, however! A brief description about what takes place during the varied stages of pregnancy is therefore presented in the paragraphs below.

Since no glaring changes are visible in the earliest weeks of pregnancy, the mother-to-be may not even know she has conceived! It is only when she experiences feelings of nausea or what is generally termed as "morning sickness" that she is prompted to go to a doctor, who then confirms that she is pregnant. How the news is received is dependent on the expectant mother herself! Anyway, mood swings can be expected during the initial weeks as her body is trying to cope with all the changes taking place within.

Hormonal changes are constant during the first trimester, that is, the commencement of the different stages of pregnancy. The pregnant woman's body is trying to keep up with the growing fetus within her womb. Without her actually being aware of it, she is subject to vacillating moods and emotions. They stabilize at the end of two months or even more. As a matter of fact, she is already planning ahead and preparing herself to welcome the new arrival into the house! So housecleaning may probably be taken up vigorously and things which have been stored for years are ruthlessly discarded. This is also the time when the mother-to-be starts to gain weight.

During the middle stages of pregnancy, the pregnant woman is more inclined to discuss the pregnancy and what she is experiencing from within. She may even try to complete all the tasks which she might have taken up before becoming aware of her pregnant state.

The last stages of pregnancy usher in a lot of discomfort for the expectant mother and she is eagerly waiting to deliver her child! The discomfort may have been present from much earlier, but she takes notice of it only in the final two months. She tends to feel fatigued all the time. The growing fetus puts pressure on her bladder, causing her to make frequent trips to the bathroom. The baby is actually shifting its position and trying to create more room for itself; so the mother-to-be feels heavier in her front and experiences back pain. To get rid of these feelings of discomfort, she may again indulge in housecleaning!

With the last stages of pregnancy coming to an end and signaling the imminent arrival of the newborn, the expectant mother is too preoccupied to give much thought to other members of the household or even outsiders. This is very normal as she is going to take up a new responsibility and has to plan for her life ahead.

Abhishek has got some great Pregnancy And Childbirth Secrets up his sleeves! Download his FREE 77 Page Ebook, "Understanding Pregnancy!" from his website http://www.Childbirth-Guru.com/774/index.htm. Only limited Free Copies available.

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The Second Trimester

2008-12-22T08:00:00.000-08:00

Changes in Your Body

Most women find the second trimester of pregnancy easier than the first. But it is just as important to stay informed about your pregnancy during these months.

You might notice that symptoms like nausea and fatigue are going away. But other new, more noticeable changes to your body are now happening. Your abdomen will expand as you gain weight and the baby continues to grow. And before this trimester is over, you will feel your baby beginning to move!

Many of the aches and pains you had in the first trimester may continue. So remember to follow the tips from Pregnancy Basics to help prevent and ease these discomforts.

Some of the following aches and pains may make their first appearance during the second trimester:

Pain in the abdomen, groin, and thighs
Backaches
Shortness of breath
Stretch Marks
Skin Changes
Tingling in hands and fingers
Itching on the abdomen, palms, and soles of the feet — Call your doctor if you have nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting, jaundice or fatigue combined with itching. These can be signs of a serious liver problem called cholestasis of pregnancy.

Weight Gain

Everyone gains weight at different rates. On average, it is normal to gain about one pound per week, or about three to four pounds per month during this trimester.

Changes in Your Baby

By the end of the second trimester your baby will weigh about 1 3/4 pounds and be about 13 inches long. With this growth comes the development of fingers, toes, eyelashes, and eyebrows. Around the fifth month, you might feel your baby move! By the end of this trimester, all of your baby's essential organs like the heart, lungs, and kidneys are formed.

2nd Trimester Tests and Procedures

During the second trimester, you should continue to see your doctor for prenatal care. Most pregnant women have monthly office visits with their doctor or midwife until the end of this trimester.

During the second trimester your doctor can use an ultrasound to see if your baby is developing in a healthy way and to find out your baby's sex. You will also be offered screening tests to look for genetic birth defects.

Birth defects result from problems with a baby's genes, inherited factors that are passed down from the mother and the father at conception. Genetic birth defects sometimes occur in people with no family history of that disorder. Women over the age of 35 have the greatest chances of having a baby with birth defects.

Some of the diagnostic and screening tests your doctor might suggest in the second trimester include:

Amniocentesis

This test is performed in pregnancies of at least 16 weeks. It involves your doctor inserting a thin needle through your abdomen, into your uterus, and into the amniotic sac to take out a small amount of amniotic fluid for testing. The cells from the fluid are grown in a lab to look for problems with chromosomes. The fluid also can be tested for AFP. About 1 in 200 women have a miscarriage as a result of this test.

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

This test is performed between 10 and 12 weeks of pregnancy. The doctor inserts a needle through your abdomen or inserts a catheter through your cervix in order to reach the placenta. Your doctor then takes a sample of cells from the placenta. These cells are used in a lab to look for problems with chromosomes. This test cannot find out whether your baby has open neural tube defects. About 1 in 200 women have a miscarriage as a result of this test.

Maternal serum screening test

This blood test can be called by many different names including multiple marker screening test, triple test, quad screen, and others. This test is usually given between 15 and 20 weeks of pregnancy. It checks for birth defects such as Down syndrome, trisomy 18, or open neural tube defects. Doctors take a sample of your blood. They check the blood for 3 chemicals: alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) (made by the liver of the fetus), and two pregnancy hormones: estriol and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Sometimes, doctors test for a fourth substance in the blood called inhibin-A. Testing for inhibin-A may improve the ability to detect fetuses with a high risk of Down syndrome.

Higher levels of AFP are linked with open neural tube defects. In women age 35 and over, this test finds about 80% of fetuses with Down syndrome, trisomy 18, or an open neural tube defect. In this age group, there is a false positive rate (having a positive result without actually having a fetus with one of these health problems) of 22%. In women under age 35, this test finds about 65% of fetuses with Down syndrome, and there is a false positive rate of about 5%.

Targeted ultrasound

The best time to get a targeted ultrasound is between 18 and 20 weeks of pregnancy. Most major problems with the way your baby is formed can be seen at this time. Some physical defects such as clubbed feet and heart defects may not be seen.

Your doctor can also use ultrasound to see if your baby has any neural tube defects, such as spina bifida. In most cases, if you want to find out the sex of your baby, you can ask your doctor during this test. This is not the most accurate test for Down syndrome. Only 1 in 3 babies with Down syndrome have an abnormal second trimester ultrasound.

Changes to Expect in the Pregnancy Stages

2008-12-22T07:42:00.000-08:00

By Charles Johnson

You can expect to go through many different changes in your body and your emotions during the pregnancy stages. There are three stages of pregnancy, called trimesters, each of which lasts for about three months. Each one brings different feelings about yourself and the baby, different emotions about the things around you and of course, different types of changes that occur within your body. One of the best ways of recording these changes so that you can answer the questions of your friends when they become pregnant or if you want to compare one pregnancy to another is to start keeping a journal as soon as you discover that you are to become a mother.

Even before you know you are pregnant for sure, you will start to notice different changes in your body at the beginning of the first trimester. Your breasts will start to increase in size as the mammary gland start to fill with milk. This will not be an immediate change, bit one that will occur gradually with a slight increase in fullness. You may start to feel tired more quickly than usual and nausea, which is always the first chance that pregnant women notice, becomes more frequent. This nausea is called morning sickness because it usually occurs in the morning is quite uncomfortable and foods that you normally loved may now leave you feeling queasy just at the thought of them. Other changes you and others will notice include your frequent trips to the washroom.

By the end of your first trimester, you will have a little baby bulge, enough for others to notice and ask if you are expecting, if you haven`t already told them. During the seventh week, the baby has started to develop a face and the vital organs have started to develop. The heartbeat develops during this time and by the time the second trimester starts it is quite possible that you have listened to the heartbeat in your doctor`s office.

The morning sickness usually starts to ease off in the second trimester, but each woman is different. Some are well beyond the nausea at this point, while others have nausea into their third trimester. The danger of miscarriage is past by the time you reach the 12th week, so you can start to relax and enjoy the pregnancy. These three months are usually the easiest of the nine.

Both you can your partner have started to adapt to the fact you will have another member of the family and your emotions are more regulated, which means you and your partner can get back to normal and he won`t have to try to tread easily around you without fear of making you cry for no reason. Your body will start to grow during this stage and you may have uncomfortable periods when the baby seems to be kicking you in the ribs.

The final stage of pregnancy starts in the sixth month. This is when you will see the greatest growth in your belly as the baby starts to fully develop and put on a little weight. During your seventh month you may experience swelling of your hands and feet and need to rest more often during the day. During your final month, the baby drops further down into the uterus to prepare for birth. This will give you relief under your ribs, but it will also put more pressure on the bladder so you will have to visit the washroom even more frequently.

Your anxiety level will probably be higher at this point if this is your first pregnancy and you don`t know what to expect in the delivery. You will have more energy than normal during the final few weeks as you prepare for the coming of the baby.

For more information on pregnancy stages, nausea during pregnancy and older women and pregnancy visit http://www.Pregnancy-Period.com

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http://EzineArticles.com/?Changes-to-Expect-in-the-Pregnancy-Stages&id=1479873

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10 Ways to Fight Stress during Pregnancy

2008-12-16T23:57:00.000-08:00

Pregnancy is a time to pamper yourself, but you may be feeling too stressed to enjoy it. Try these simple techniques for bringing more balance to your life.

While pregnant with baby number three, I had a hard time feeling relaxed. I couldn't find a comfortable sleeping position, and my growing baby's favorite activity involved doing gymnastics with my bladder as her springboard. But pregnancy shouldn't be uncomfortable all the time—here are a few simple tips to help you enjoy your pregnancy.

The Three-Minute Rule

I'll admit I complained any chance I got to my husband about being pregnant. Before long it seemed he stopped listening, which of course frustrated me and made me complain more. Then we came up with the three-minute rule: before we went to bed, I had three minutes to tell him about everything that hurt, and he would listen to every ill. I never made the full three minutes, but having the time helped me not to complain—or think about the discomfort—for the rest of the day. (Plus, I slept better.)

Give Yourself a Facial

You don't have to go to the spa to get a good facial—just to your kitchen. Tracy M. Luchenbill, the spa director at Journeys Spa (located at the Wyndham Sugar Bay Resort on St. Thomas), knows how to pamper clients. At home, she recommends using plain yogurt as a facial cleanser, a paste of baking soda and water as an exfoliant, and plain yogurt mixed with cornmeal as a body scrub. For dry skin, Luchenbill suggests mixing one avocado and two teaspoons extra virgin olive oil until smooth and applying to your face. After 10 minutes, rinse the mask off with warm water.

Go for a Pedicure

You may not be able to see your feet, but a foot massage and pretty toenails might be just the de-stresser you need. Luchenbill reminds you to go after your first trimester and to tell your nail technician that you're pregnant, since certain deep massage techniques and essential oils are not appropriate for pregnancy. If you choose to include fragrant, essential oils as part of your treatment, Luchenbill recommends soothing oils such as lavender, rose, or chamomile.

The First Trimester

2008-12-15T07:51:00.000-08:00

Changes in Your Body

During the first three months of pregnancy, or the first trimester, your body undergoes many changes. As your body adjusts to the growing baby, you may have nausea, fatigue, backaches, mood swings, and stress. These things are all normal.

Most of these discomforts will go away as your pregnancy progresses. And some women might not feel any discomfort at all! If you have been pregnant before, you might feel differently this time around. Just as each woman is different, so is each pregnancy.

As your body changes, you might need to make changes to your normal, everyday routine. Here are some of the most common changes or symptoms you might experience in the first trimester:

Tiredness

Many women find they're exhausted in the first trimester. Don't worry, this is normal! This is your body's way of telling you that you need more rest. After all, your body is working very hard to develop a whole new life.

Try these tips to ease exhaustion:

Get at least eight hours of sleep every night, and a nap during the day when possible.
When you are tired, rest or relax.
Start sleeping on your left side. This will relieve pressure on major blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. If you have high blood pressure during pregnancy, it is even more important to be on your left side when you are lying down.
If you feel stressed, try to find a way to relax.

Nausea and Vomiting

Usually called "morning sickness," nausea and vomiting are common during early pregnancy. For many women, though, it isn't limited to just the morning. Although it can seem like it will last forever, nausea and vomiting usually go away after the first trimester.

Try these tips to help prevent and soothe nausea:

Eat frequent, small meals (6 to 8 small meals a day) rather than 3 large meals. Avoid fatty, fried, or spicy foods.
Try eating starchy snacks, like toast, saltines, cheerios, or other dry cereals when you feel nauseated. Keep some by your bed and eat something before you get out of bed in the morning. If you feel nauseous in the middle of the night, reach for these starchy foods. It's also a good idea to keep these snacks with you at all times, in case of nausea.
Try drinking carbonated drinks like ginger ale or seltzer water in between meals.
Ask your doctor if you should change prenatal vitamins if it seems to be making your nausea worse. Sometimes taking your prenatal vitamin at a different time (e.g. at night not in the morning) can also help.
Ask your doctor about taking vitamin B6 for nausea and vomiting that doesn't get better with dietary changes.

If you think you might be vomiting excessively, call your doctor. Constant nausea and/or frequent vomiting may mean you have a condition called hyperemesis gravidarum. If you lose too much fluid you might become dehydrated. Dehydration can be dangerous for you and your baby.

Frequency of Urination

Running to the bathroom all the time? Early in pregnancy, the growing uterus presses on your bladder. This causes frequent urination.

See your doctor right away if you notice pain, burning, pus or blood in your urine. You might have a urinary tract infection that needs treatment.

Weight gain

During the first trimester, it is normal to gain only a small amount of weight, about one pound per month.

Changes in Your Baby

By the end of the first trimester, your baby is about three inches long and weighs about half an ounce. The eyes move closer together into their positions, and the ears also are in position. The liver is making bile, and the kidneys are secreting urine into the bladder. Even though you can't feel your baby move yet, your baby will move inside you in response to pushing on your abdomen.

Doctors Visits

During the early months of pregnancy, regular doctor visits (prenatal care) are especially important. Become a partner with your doctor to manage your care. Keep all of your appointments — every one is important!

During the first prenatal visit, you can expect your doctor or nurse to do the following:

ask about your health history including diseases, operations, or prior pregnancies
ask about your family's health history
do a complete physical exam
do a pelvic exam with a Pap test
order lab tests
check your blood pressure, urine, and weight
figure out your expected due date
answer your questions

1st Trimester Tests and Procedures

For special genetic or medical reasons, you may need other lab tests, like blood or urine tests, cultures for infections, or ultrasound exams in the first trimester. Your doctor will discuss them with you during your visits.

The most common tests recommended in the first trimester include:

Nuchal translucency screening (NTS)

This new type of screening can be done between 11 and 14 weeks of pregnancy. It uses an ultrasound and blood test to calculate the risk of some birth defects. Doctors use the ultrasound exam to check the thickness of the back of the fetus' neck. They also test your blood for levels of a protein called pregnancy-associated plasma protein and a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Doctors use this information to tell if the fetus has a normal or greater than normal chance of having some birth defects.

In an important recent study, NTS found 87% of cases of Down syndrome when done at 11 weeks of pregnancy. When NTS was followed by another blood test done in the second trimester ( maternal serum screening test), 95% of fetuses with Down syndrome were identified.

Like all screening tests, the results are sometimes misleading. In 5% of women who have NTS, results show that their babies have a high risk of having a birth defect when they are actually healthy. This is called a false positive. To find out for sure if the fetus has a birth defect, NTS must be followed by a diagnostic test like chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis .

NTS is not yet widely used. If you are interested in NTS, talk to your doctor. If she is unable to do the test, she can refer you to someone who can. You should also call your insurance company to find out if they cover the cost of this procedure. NTS allows women to find out early if there are potential health problems with the fetus. This may help them decide whether to have follow-up tests.

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

CVS is performed between 10 and 12 weeks of pregnancy. In CVS, the doctor inserts a needle through the abdomen or inserts a catheter through the cervix to reach the placenta. The doctor then takes a sample of cells from the placenta. Experts use this sample to look for problems with the baby's chromosomes. This test cannot find out whether your baby has open neural tube defects. About 1 in 200 women have a miscarriage as a result of this test.

Pregnancy Stages - A Brief Overview

2008-12-15T07:39:00.000-08:00

By Tehmina Mazher

Soon after the delight of discovering that "I am pregnant" the mothers want to discover what is going to happen during the different pregnancy stages. The initial pregnancy symptoms are actually the result of changing hormonal levels and the growth of the baby in the womb. Now the anxiety is for handling incoming pregnancy stages. Read on to find the answer to all your anxieties.

Each pregnancy stage is accompanied with many changes in both the mother and the baby, and the better understanding of these changes helps to enjoy them more.

First Pregnancy Stage

During the first pregnancy stage the baby is developing at an incredible rate. During these twelve weeks of the first stage, the baby grows from two tiny cells to about seven centimeters long fetus with many of its organs(including heart) in the functioning position. Obviously this gives a deep effect on the mother's body. Increasing level of hormones at this stage is the major cause of nausea, morning sickness, extreme tiredness and much more in this stage. The mother can only cope up to these changes if she is stronger enough. A multivitamin pill is of great help at this stage.

Second Pregnancy Stage

During the second stage the baby polishes its body functions and goes on to develop rapidly. In the middle of this pregnancy stage the sex of the baby can be determined. At the end of this stage the baby is about thirty five centimeter long and weighs about more than 1 kilogram. Now the mother's body does not fit into the old outfits. Due to the expanding belly it is the right time to buy new maternity clothes.

Third Pregnancy Stage

The third and the last stage of pregnancy, seems to be the longest. The organs of the baby have become strong enough to survive on their own. The weight of the baby varies a lot here but on the average it is almost three kgs and about fifty centimeters in length. You will again feel tired and exhausted, but now because of carrying the baby. The baby is about to arrive and the body is now preparing for the labor and birth process.

The moment the baby is delivered and he/she comes in your lap all the tiredness of carrying him up will be waived off. You have designated with a new post "The Mom". Though the journey was hard and long but the reward is no doubt marvelous.

For week by week pregnancy picture aided pregnancy details check Pregnancy Stages and enjoy the pregnancy at its spirit.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Tehmina_Mazher
http://EzineArticles.com/?Pregnancy-Stages---A-Brief-Overview&id=1442405

Human Reproduction: Fertilization and Fetal Development

2008-12-12T16:13:00.001-08:00

10 ways to survive stress in pregnancy

2008-12-12T06:59:00.001-08:00

What causes stress during pregnancy?

The sources of stress during pregnancy can be wide-ranging, from concern about your baby's health and wellbeing, or the impending labour, through to how you'll manage after the birth. It could be that your journey to work is exhausting, or you're anxious about finances and how you are going to afford all the costs involved with a new baby. Whatever it is that's worrying you, there are many positive steps you can take to overcome these feelings.

1. Make time to rest

It's a simple thing, but sometimes so difficult to take time out for yourself. Not only is this good for you, but also extremely good for your baby - so don't feel guilty about 'doing nothing'.
It is ok to say “no” when you don’t have the energy to take on extra chores even if you do have the time.
At work, find somewhere to put your feet up and relax during your lunch break and, in the evenings, try to cut down on chores. Let your husband handle the laundry, and forget about housework for a while. Obviously, if you have a child already it can be hard to find the time to rest, so why not get your husband, a friend or grandparents to amuse him for an afternoon, while you have a well-earned break?

2. Antenatal yoga

Yoga during pregnancy not only helps tone your body, but the relaxation techniques that will assist you in labour can have a beneficial effect during pregnancy. If you are prone to feelings of anxiety or have experienced panic attacks, practising your breathing techniques can really help.

3. Talk about it

If you are worried about whether your baby is healthy or whether he will be born safely, you're certainly not alone. Talking about these concerns will really help, whether it's with your husband, mother or a friend who already has children. Other women at the same stage of pregnancy as you, perhaps at your antenatal class, will undoubtedly share your concerns and your doctor can also reassure you.
Sharing your worries on our pregnancy board could also help.

4. Relaxation and complementary therapies

Massage in pregnancy is a fantastic way to de-stress. If you are using aromatherapy or essential oils, it's important to make sure they are safe for use in pregnancy as some are not suitable for the first or third trimester. Oils safe for use after 20 weeks include most lavender oils, citrus oils and ylang ylang, but you should check with a qualified aromatherapist.
Reflexology is also a lovely way to relax, but make sure the therapist is qualified in working with pregnant women. Some mums-to-be find that Bach Flower Remedies can help with feelings of stress or panic, particularly the Walnut Remedy and the Rescue Remedy.
Meditation and positive visualisation techniques can also help. Meditation is a way of relaxing by concentrating on a mental focus, and positive visualisation is a technique for releasing anxieties by creating an inner picture of a peaceful scene. You can find books in your library which show you how to relax in this way if you haven't tried it before. Buy some special relaxation tapes to play in the background - great for helping your mind switch off. Choose a time when you know you won't be disturbed and try to give yourself at least 30 minutes.

5. Preparing for the birth

You may be worrying about the impending labour and how you will cope with the pain, whether you will make a fool of yourself or how your husband will cope. Find out about the mechanics of labour as well as the physical and emotional aspects of each phase by signing up for antenatal classes, reading books and magazines and gathering information from BabyCenter. Being informed will help you feel more confident and in control.
It will also help to visit the labour and delivery rooms of the hospital where you plan to have your baby beforehand, so that you know what to expect.
For a few women, the fear of childbirth can be so overwhelming that they would rather have a caesarean section than a normal delivery. This fear is known as 'tocophobia' and is not uncommon. Tell your doctor about your fears. Research has shown this can be helped with the right counselling and support; cognitive behavioural therapy is one of options available which might help.

6. Relationship changes

It's perfectly understandable to worry about how having a baby will affect your relationship with your partner or how you will cope as a parent. Parenting is something you learn along the way and often there is no right or wrong way to do things, you just have to do what feels right for you. Try and spend some time with a friend who has a young baby to pick up some useful tips and ideas. If you have any anxieties about your finances, job, relationship or housing, speak to your friends and family for advice.

7. Commuting strategies

Like a lot of women these days, you may plan on working until just a few weeks before your due date because you want more time off with your baby after he's born. Commuting can be one of the major sources of stress for expectant mums and one which is made worse the more heavily pregnant you are.
Ask your employer if you can avoid rush hours, particularly if you use public transport. Perhaps starting work earlier and finishing earlier would be possible, or even working from home one or two days a week.
Make sure you always sit down while travelling and if you are not offered a seat you should ask for one. Don't feel embarrassed - it's really not safe to be swinging around in a train or bus - and most people are more than willing to give up their seats, they just need to be reminded sometimes!

8. Money matters

The knock-on effect of having a baby is the dent it makes in your finances. If you have debts to repay--especially credit card debt-- it may be a good idea to pay off your dues before your baby arrives. If you are worried about how you are going to afford everything, make a list of the items you need - in order of priority - then decide which ones you could borrow from friends or family. It really isn't necessary to buy everything, particularly when some items are often only used for a couple of months.
Make sure you get your full entitlement of maternity leave and pay. Find out what it is from your human resources department and don't be afraid to seek further help if you need more advice.

9. Diet and exercise

Eating calming nutrients can help suppress the hormones that rise at times of stress. Foods containing B vitamins, such as yeast extract, wholegrain bread and wholegrain rice, increase your levels of the anti-stress hormone serotonin. Ensuring that you eat well in pregnancy is very important.
Physical exercise also has proven benefits in terms of relieving tension, so continue with the exercise you did before you were pregnant -- so long as it is safe for you to do so. If you're in any doubt, check with your doctor. If you attend exercise classes, always inform your teacher that you are pregnant.
Swimming is the perfect exercise for pregnancy as it keeps you toned and healthy, without being too hard on your joints, although be careful with excessive breaststroke as it may cause backache. Aquarobics classes for pregnant women are also a fun way of keeping fit.
Walking is a wonderful way to stay fit during pregnancy—go for a relaxing walk in the neighbourhood park. At work, make sure you get up and walk around regularly, especially if your job is mainly desk-bound, and pop out at lunchtime for some fresh air, even if it's only for ten minutes.

10.Treat yourself

Laughter is one of the body's best ways of relaxing, so meet up with some friends or go to the cinema and see the latest comedy.
Go on a weekend break and make the most of your time with just you and your husband, or treat yourself to a spa that offers treatments for pregnant women.
Pregnancy is also the perfect time to treat yourself to all those beauty treatments you never normally splash out on. Be nice to yourself - you deserve it.

Know Your Stages Of Pregnancy Better

2008-12-08T07:40:00.000-08:00

Congratulations; you are pregnant! You need to be well-informed regarding the stages of pregnancy. However, with it starts your journey towards creating a new life. So, let's take a look at how a new life develops inside you.

The First Trimester

During this stage, you will have to endure one or more of the following symptoms: tenderness of breasts, tiredness, morning sickness (which can happen any time of the day), headaches, frequent urination, and others. As the first trimester ends, the size of your uterus resembles that of a grapefruit and your baby inside becomes the size of a cherry. Now, you baby has heartbeats, reflexes, and can move its tiny limbs. At this trimester, you have to be very particular about prenatal care and your nutrition. In addition to this, you should exercise regularly keeping the safety of your baby in mind. Remember; a healthy mother gives birth to a healthy baby.

The Second Trimester

During the second trimester, your belly will become large enough to let the world know you are pregnant. There will be certain pregnancy discomforts like sleeping problems. You will also experience Braxton Hicks contractions. During this stage of pregnancy, there will be growth of hair all over your baby's body in order to regulate her body temperature after birth. This is one of the exciting stages of pregnancy, as your baby starts developing her senses. She will feel light as well as darkness and be able to hear various sounds from the world outside. As second trimester ends, your baby will be about 10 inches (25 cm) long and start her kicking movements.

The Third Trimester

The third trimester is one of the stages of pregnancy where you are almost ready to give birth. Your body undergoes a whole lot of changes, you have a frequent urge to urinate, and your tummy looks real big! This is the time to start taking classes on childbirth and breastfeeding. The better informed you are, the less scary the whole thing looks. All the organs of your baby are developed, except the lungs, which continue to develop until the end of this trimester. Now, you and your baby are waiting for the due date to arrive!

Most of the babies are born within one or two weeks after the due date. If it's your second or third pregnancy, you may give birth a week or two earlier than the due date. Keep in regular touch with your doctor.

Out of the three stages of pregnancy, the last stage is full of excitement and extra care. Involve your partner in this exciting journey of nine months and prepare him for fatherhood! Good luck!

10 Tips for Better Sleep During Pregnancy

2008-12-07T23:38:00.000-08:00

Pregnancy is hard work, and you'll need your sleep. One of the cruel realities is that a good night's sleep during pregnancy remains elusive, if not impossible for most pregnant women, at some point during their pregnancy. While you might not be able to sleep like a baby, there are some ways you can improve your chances for better sleep during pregnancy.

1. Exercise. Getting your self good and tired out can't hurt your chances of getting some quality shut eye. It's also been shown that regular exercise can reduce the frequency of leg cramps, which many women are more prone to during pregnancy. Just don't exercise within a couple of hours of bedtime — that rush of endorphins and adrenaline can keep you awake long after you've hit the sack.

2. Relaxation. You should incorporate some forms of relaxation into your day, and particularly as part of your bedtime routine. Yoga is a good form of both exercise and relaxation, just be sure that you're following a prenatal routine. Meditation, a hot bath, or even reading a book are all ways that you can relax before going to sleep. Relaxation can help you leave the stresses and worries of the day out of the bedroom, allowing you to sleep better at night.

3. Sleep-Friendly Diet. While you're cravings may be telling you to indulge in that enchilada, you'll regret that choice when you're up with a case of raging heartburn. Anything spicy, fatty or acidic are not foods that promote sleep during pregnancy. In order to avoid heartburn, upset stomach or constipation in the middle of the night, don't eat within two hours of going to bed. Try propping yourself up with pillows to sleep in a semi reclining position, and be sure to keep some antacids near the bed in case you have to pop a couple in the middle of the night. Also, either cut caffeine completely from your diet, or limit your intake for several hours before bedtime. Try drinking some caffeine-free herbal tee or a warm cup of milk before going to bed to relax you. If you find that you experience nausea at night, keep some crackers next to your bed. Some women find that their prenatal vitamins make them feel nauseous — if this is the case, decide if you'd rather have your sleep and take them during the day or if you can sleep through the nausea.

5. Stay Hydrated. Be sure to keep yourself well hydrated throughout the day, and even at night. Even though this may mean that you have to take a couple extra potty breaks in the middle of the night, staying well hydrated may mean fewer headaches, less swelling, etc.

4. Napping. Believe it or not, one to two catnaps during the day can actually improve your sleep during pregnancy. Avoiding becoming overtired keeps you relaxed, and your body doesn't put out adrenaline to keep you moving when you should be sleeping.

5. Routine. Get yourself into a regular nighttime routine. By going to bed the same time every night, your body will become accustomed to a regular bedtime.

6.Comfortable Bed. Pregnancy may be the time to get that new mattress you and your husband have been wanting. Although the softness should fit your preference, it should provide good, even support of your body — no waterbeds! A good mattress can make all the difference in getting quality sleep during pregnancy, so if you can, don't skimp on the mattress. If you have anything smaller than a king or a queen sized mattress, you may also want to upsize — women tend to take up a little more space when pregnant for lots of reasons! Choose comfy bed linens that will breathe well, and layer blankets for those hot flashes pregnant women tend to get.

7. Pajamas. If you sleep in pajamas, you may need to get some maternity pjs for added comfort. Sleep shirts, elasticized pajama bottoms shorts all work well. Since pregnant women often experience hot and cold flashes due to hormones and poor circulation, wear breathable cotton so you stay warm, but not overheated.

8.Support Pillows. Women no longer have to resort to creative pillow arrangements to comfortably sleep during pregnancy. While the old pillow-between-the-knees-pillow-under-the-belly-pillow-behind-the-back trick may work in a pinch, there are many maternity pillows on the market that do the job of two to three separate pillows. The body pillow is long enough to hug and support your belly, and maybe your knee. A wrap-around maternity pillow is long for hugging and supporting the belly, but curves up between your knees to help align your hips and spine for better comfort. A pregnancy wedge can support either your belly or back.

9. Room Temperature. Your husband will be jumping for joy now that you want the room to be a little cooler than usual. With all that extra heat your body is generating cooking up that baby, you may find that you're more comfortable turning down the thermostat. You can always pile on an extra blanket if you find yourself a bit chilly in the middle of the night.

10.Sleep Positions. By your second trimester, you'll find that sleeping on your belly is no longer an option, and sleeping on your back is no longer safe for your baby. Get used to sleeping on your left side, which is the safest position for sleeping during pregnancy. This allows the maximum flow of blood and oxygen to your baby. It is safe to sleep on your right side as well, and this may be necessary if you need to change positions periodically.

Making Your Pregnancy Time Well Spent

2008-12-03T23:52:00.001-08:00

People say your life will change when you have a baby, but it's hard to know exactly how this new, sweet commitment will affect your time. Take advantage now of spontaneity, sleep, and slowly savored dinner dates before your child arrives.

Even if you've spent time with parents of young children, it's difficult to imagine how your days will flow after you have a baby. You may notice your friend's slightly grayish look after a tough week when the entire family has had a cold, or you might wonder if she really needs a jam-packed diaper bag to go around the block—but the logistics are not yet yours to master.

What changes drastically with the arrival of a child is your relationship with time. Where your days used to be yours to plan, now another person—small and dependent—determines much of your schedule. You can try to maintain your old habits, but most of the time you will be happier following your child's sleeping and eating schedule.

Here are ways to enjoy your free time while you are pregnant. After becoming a parent, you can still make room for anything that is truly important to you, but be prepared for your priorities to shift.

Sleep, Glorious Sleep

When I was pregnant and heard new mothers say that, given a free hour, they would rather sleep than do anything else, I scoffed a little. What about going out with your husband, reading a dishy magazine, or calling a friend? Yet now, on days when sleep deprivation has reached a critical peak, I want nothing more than a quiet hour in a cool room with clean sheets. And while an hour-long nap used to be my goal, now a 10-minute snooze feels like victory.

So sleep in while you can! Feel guilty about nothing. On weekends, make all your appointments in the afternoon, and don't set your alarm for anything. If you find it hard to sleep at night because your baby kicks or you wonder about what kind of mother you will be (a great one!), take multiple naps. It is a myth that sleeping a lot before the baby comes will help you weather the impending sleep deprivation—it's like encouraging someone to gorge on a steak dinner to prepare for two months on "Survivor." But you will remember with fondness these dreamy, pregnant days throughout babyhood and toddlerhood.

Spur-of-the-Moment Decisions

Completely spontaneous trips become the stuff of dreams with a young child in tow. Before having a baby, I was invariably punctual. With my son, I've given myself a few minutes' leeway. Even if I have already packed the diaper bag with snacks, bottles, wipes, toys, and books—a late diaper change can derail the best-laid plans. In addition, my husband and I often took walks together in the evening before becoming parents. We still do, but only when we have given a babysitter both of our cell phone numbers and a detailed primer on how to put our son to bed.

When you go out while you are pregnant, take as few items with you as you can and leave as quickly as possible, without telling anyone. Do you really need a large purse, or will a palm-sized wallet suffice? Do you want to run out for the best ice cream in town, a half-hour's drive away? Is it mid-afternoon and you feel like running along the beach? Is it 11 PM and you want to check out the neighborhood Christmas lights? Then go. No one is stopping you.

Efficiency Goes Both Ways

Once you become a mother, a graph of your efficiency over the course of a day will look like someone's hare-brained scheme. When your child is asleep and you are not, you will often accomplish more in five minutes than you previously did in 30, whether that means responding immediately to an email or folding laundry double-time. Before my son's birth, I often waited for inspiration to strike before planning curriculum for my middle school students or brainstorming for writing projects. Now the idea of such free-floating creativity seems quaint.

When your child is awake, on the other hand, your five-minute unloading of the dishwasher will likely stretch into half an hour, with stops along the way to read a board book, grab a toy he can't reach, and cut bananas into bites. Often you will not want to be efficient. A walk in a stroller for exercise is much more fun if your child stops to run her hand along a brick wall or watch a cat sit prettily on a doorstep.

Before you have a child, then, savor inefficiency. Consider long restaurant waits, airport delays, and post office lines chances to chat with the person next to you, be alone with your thoughts, or read a good book. Visit three gourmet stores to find an imported smoked salmon or a particular brand of tomato soup. You may feel you have no time for such frivolity—after all, life and work consume your entire day as it is! Trust me in believing that, after you have a child, you will wonder how you ever filled all of your free time.

The Zen Zone

One of the most frustrating aspects of caring for an infant or toddler is the sense that few tasks can be completed in one sitting. And uninterrupted time is unpredictable: your child could nap for one hour, or two, or not at all. When you work on a project with your child around, such as cooking a meal or putting photos into an album, the process divides into stages. For instance, I'll cut the vegetables at one point, mix a marinade 20 minutes later, and throw the meal in the oven when we return from the playground.

While you are pregnant, seek out activities that require sustained focus or energy. Cook a complicated gourmet meal over an entire day. Read a complete book in one sitting. Go to a three-hour movie in the theater. Rearrange every cabinet in your kitchen. You have only yourself to interrupt you.

Rethinking Priorities

It might seem that you will have time for little besides parenting after having a child, and this is true for about the first three months. After that, you can create space for your favorite hobbies or leisure pursuits—but you'll find your priorities will change because you won't have enough time for everything. If exercise is your top ambition, it might squeeze out reading the newspaper every day. If you want to cook a homemade dinner each night, you may not have time to keep up with email. You will continue doing what matters most to you, and what doesn't you probably won't miss anyway. In the meantime, enjoy these last months of relaxation as you look forward to a rich future with your new family.

Pregnancy Sleep and Comfort Checklist

2008-12-03T23:48:00.001-08:00

Everyone talks about how little sleep you'll get once your baby arrives, but what about the tossing and turning during your final months of pregnancy? Try these items to rest, relax, and take time out for yourself before Baby arrives.

10 Tips for a Healthy Pregnancy

2008-12-03T23:33:00.001-08:00

By Dr. Jacob Teitelbaum

As mothers tend to sacrifice during their lives to meet their children's needs, a mother's body will give up its own essential nutrients to provide health and growth for her developing baby. Unfortunately, the Standard American Diet (S.A.D.) is often so nutritionally deficient that even this sacrifice does not guarantee adequate nutrition for the unborn baby.

Fortunately, there are a number of tips that, if followed during pregnancy, can help both baby and mother stay healthy and vital!

Here is my top 10 list for ensuring a healthy pregnancy. It includes recommendations on nutrition, vitamins, minerals and other common-sense tips that can lead to a happier, healthier and more vital pregnancy:

1. Zinc
Inadequate zinc is the most common and problematic deficiency during pregnancy. Zinc is critical for two reasons: proper growth and for developing a healthy immune system for the baby. Studies suggest that inadequate zinc may even cause immune deficiency in the next generation (i.e., your grandchild) as well. Be sure to get at least 15 milligrams per day of zinc in your diet, which can be found in high protein foods such as meat and beans.

2. Folic Acid
Getting enough folic acid is critical both before and during pregnancy to help assure proper growth and to prevent birth defects. It is present in deep green, leafy vegetables. Women should get at least 400 to 800 micrograms per day.

3. Magnesium
Magnesium deficiency is routine in the American diet and can increase the possibility of high blood pressure and seizures during pregnancy, a condition known as eclampsia. To prevent this deficiency, take 200 milligrams of magnesium in the glycinate form daily. Whole grains, green leafy and other vegetables and nuts are good sources of magnesium. Taking the proper amount of magnesium a day also helps to decrease the leg cramps and constipation often experienced during pregnancy. In addition, magnesium is critical for more than 300 other body functions and will generally help you to feel a lot healthier.

4. B Vitamins
These are critical for energy, mental clarity and to prevent depression. B vitamins have also been found to improve pregnancy-related complications such as gestational diabetes. Taking 200 milligrams a day of vitamin B6 can improve the health of those women suffering from this form of diabetes. But please note that only women who develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy should take this high level of B vitamins, and should drop the level of consumption to 100 milligrams per day during the last month. For all other soon-to-be moms, take approximately 25 to 50 milligrams a day of B vitamins and plenty of vitamin B12 for normal nerve function.

5. Fish Oils
The human brain is made predominantly of DHA, an essential fatty acid found in fish oils. Perhaps this is why there is an old wives' tale about fish being brain food. Regardless, DHA deficiency is very common and it is critical that pregnant women get adequate fish oils so that their baby can develop healthy and optimal brain tissue. DHA may also decrease the risk of postpartum depression. Unfortunately, though, the FDA has raised concerns about high mercury levels in the same deep sea fish (salmon and tuna) that have the highest levels of these oils. An excellent alternative for those who'd rather not risk it is to take one half to one tablespoon of Eskimo 3 fish oil. This is a special form of fish oil that actually tastes good (most do not), and has been tested to make sure that it does not have mercury or other problematic compounds.

6. Calcium
Ideally, pregnant women should ingest 1,500 milligrams of calcium per day. It is best to take this at night (it helps with sleep) in the liquid, powdered or chewable form. Many calcium tablets are simply chalk and do not dissolve in the stomach, and therefore are not absorbed properly. Each cup of milk or yogurt contains 400 milligrams of calcium.

7. Iron
Approximately 18 to 36 milligrams of iron per day can be helpful. Interestingly, iron deficiency can sometimes cause infertility. Also, pregnant women who don't get enough iron are at risk for anemia, fatigue, poor memory and decreased immune function.

8. Water
Be sure to drink plenty of water. When pregnant, blood volume can increase about 30 percent and it is easy to become dehydrated. If your mouth or lips are dry, drink more! Adequate salt is also helpful in preventing dehydration (less so if you have problems with fluid retention).

9. Check Your Thyroid
Millions of women suffer from an underactive metabolism, also known as hypothyroidism, which often goes undiagnosed. This results in fatigue, weight gain and simply feeling like you've run out of gas. Hypothyroidism accounts for more than 6 percent of miscarriages and can be cause for learning disabilities in the child. Treating a low thyroid is both safe and easy during pregnancy. The earlier it is treated the better. Either once you start trying to get pregnant, or as soon as you know you're pregnant, take a Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) blood test to check your thyroid. Most doctors do not yet know that the TSH has to be less than three — anything above and you need treatment — so look at the test result yourself (many doctors still use the dangerous and outdated criteria of a TSH over five being abnormal). If you like, you can get a lab requisition for a TSH to take to your lab by visiting www.Vitality101.com (click on "online program" then on "Laboratory Requisition Form"). If you were on thyroid medication before getting pregnant, it is normal to increase the dose during pregnancy (the TSH should be kept between .5 and 2.0). If your doctor is not familiar with the new guidelines, he or she can send an email to the Web site above and a copy of the guidelines will be sent to them.

10. Things for Pregnant Women to Avoid
A few cautions for pregnant women: avoid taking more than 8,000 units of vitamin A per day. And don't partake in anything that can raise your body temperature too high (hot tubs, saunas or steam rooms). These have been implicated as possibly increasing the risk for birth defects. Most pregnant women are also, of course, aware that smoking, drugs and alcohol should all be avoided during pregnancy. Exercise, on the other hand, has been shown to be very beneficial and results in babies and moms that are quite healthy.

EFFECTS OF COLD WATER

2008-12-02T03:02:00.001-08:00

Please be a true friend and send this article to all your friends you care about.

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Video : How To Minimize Pregnancy Stretch Marks

2008-11-30T08:54:00.001-08:00

How To Minimize Pregnancy Stretch Marks - The most amazing videos are a click away

Pregnancy Worries

2008-11-29T07:55:00.000-08:00

Compiled from AmericanBaby.com polls

There’s a lot of health advice for soon-to-be moms, so see how well other women obeyed their doctors’ tips for expectant mothers.

Even despite all the tests and doctors visits and helpful reading moms undertake during pregnancy, there’s still sometimes that glimmer of “What if?” Should baby be moving more? Is using a microwave dangerous? Before you decide you’re the only one having frantic fears, consider these readers’ concerns:

Highest Ranks

Indeed, there's a lot to worry about when you're pregnant. We asked 457 americanbaby.com visitors to tell us what they were most concerned about during their pregnancy.
- 44% worried about complications.
- 27% had fears about labor.
- 19% were concerned about nutrition.
- 7% were apprehensive about sex
- 3% had other unspecified concerns.

Testing, Testing…

There are loads of sophisticated prenatal genetic tests that are available today. Of the americanbaby.com readers we polled:
- 74% said they did not/will not have prenatal genetic testing
- 21% of new/expecting moms said they planned to/did have genetic tests during their pregnancies or were considering doing so
- 5% were undecided

Sober Confessions

Doctors advise pregnant moms not to imbibe at all during their pregnancy. We asked 5,086 americanbaby.com visitors whether they even had a sip of alcohol while they were pregnant. The results?
- 59% said “No, I never did or would”
- 21% said “Yes, and I was confident about it”
- 17% said “Yes, and I felt guilty”
- 2% said “No, but I would”

Gets in Your Eyes…

Most women abide by the wishes of their doctors and don't smoke during pregnancy. We asked 1,175 new/expecting moms if they smoked during pregnancy.
- 87% said they did not
- 13% said they did

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2008-06-13T02:15:00.000-07:00

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